安装mariadb数据库

yum -y install mariadb mariadb-server

启动服务

systemctl start mariadb

设置开机启动
systemctl enable mariadb

配置

mysql_secure_installation

首先是设置密码，会提示先输入密码

Enter current password for root (enter for none):<–初次运行直接回车

设置密码

Set root password? [Y/n] <– 是否设置root用户密码，输入y并回车或直接回车
New password: <– 设置root用户的密码
Re-enter new password: <– 再输入一次你设置的密码

其他配置

Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] <– 是否删除匿名用户，回车

Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] <–是否禁止root远程登录,n,

Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] <– 是否删除test数据库，回车

Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] <– 是否重新加载权限表，回车

初始化MariaDB完成，接下来测试登录

mysql -uroot -p

配置MariaDB的字符集

文件/etc/my.cnf，在[mysqld]标签下添加

init_connect='SET collation_connection = utf8_unicode_ci' 
init_connect='SET NAMES utf8' 
character-set-server=utf8 
collation-server=utf8_unicode_ci 
skip-character-set-client-handshake

文件/etc/my.cnf.d/client.cnf，在[client]中添加

default-character-set=utf8

文件/etc/my.cnf.d/mysql-clients.cnf，在[mysql]中添加

default-character-set=utf8

全部配置完成，重启mariadb

systemctl restart mariadb

然后登录进去查看：

MariaDB [(none)]> show variables like "%character%";
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name            | Value                      |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client     | utf8                       |
| character_set_connection | utf8                       |
| character_set_database   | utf8                       |
| character_set_filesystem | binary                     |
| character_set_results    | utf8                       |
| character_set_server     | utf8                       |
| character_set_system     | utf8                       |
| character_sets_dir       | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.00 sec)

MariaDB [(none)]> show variables like "%collation%";
+----------------------+-----------------+
| Variable_name        | Value           |
+----------------------+-----------------+
| collation_connection | utf8_unicode_ci |
| collation_database   | utf8_unicode_ci |
| collation_server     | utf8_unicode_ci |
+----------------------+-----------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)

添加用户，设置权限

创建用户命令

MariaDB>create user username@localhost identified by 'password';

直接创建用户并授权的命令

MariaDB>grant all on *.* to username@localhost indentified by 'password';

授予外网登陆权限

MariaDB>grant all privileges on *.* to username@'%' identified by 'password';

授予权限并且可以授权

MariaDB>grant all privileges on *.* to username@'hostname' identified by 'password' with grant option;

简单的用户和权限配置基本就这样了。

其中只授予部分权限把 其中 all privileges或者all改为

select,insert,update,delete,create,drop,index,alter,grant,references,reload,shutdown,process,file

其中一部分。

授予一个数据库的权限：

grant all privileges on db_name.*

授予某张表权限：

grant all privileges on db_name.db_table

允许远程访问

除了上面建用户时指明ip地址范围为%，即任何地址，还需要允许防火墙打开3306端口：

# firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent